Ninu atẹjade yii, a yoo gbero awọn ofin ipilẹ fun ṣiṣi awọn biraketi, ti o tẹle wọn pẹlu awọn apẹẹrẹ fun oye ti o dara julọ ti ohun elo imọ-jinlẹ.
Imugboroosi akọmọ - rirọpo ikosile ti o ni awọn biraketi pẹlu ikosile ti o dọgba si, ṣugbọn laisi awọn biraketi.
Awọn ofin imugboroosi akọmọ
jọba 1
Ti “plus” ba wa ṣaaju awọn biraketi, lẹhinna awọn ami ti gbogbo awọn nọmba inu awọn biraketi ko yipada.
alaye: Awon. Plus igba plus mu ki a plus, ati plus igba kan iyokuro mu ki a iyokuro.
awọn apẹẹrẹ:
6 + (21 – 18 – 37) =6 + 21 – 18 – 37 20 + (-8 + 42 – 86 – 97) =20 – 8 + 42 – 86 – 97
jọba 2
Ti o ba wa iyokuro ni iwaju awọn biraketi, lẹhinna awọn ami ti gbogbo awọn nọmba inu awọn biraketi ti yi pada.
alaye: Awon. Awọn akoko iyokuro kan afikun jẹ iyokuro, ati awọn akoko iyokuro kan jẹ afikun.
awọn apẹẹrẹ:
65 – (-20 + 16 – 3) =65 + 20 – 16 + 3 116 – (49 + 37 – 18 – 21) =116 – 49 – 37 + 18 + 21
jọba 3
Ti ami “isodipupo” ba wa ṣaaju tabi lẹhin awọn biraketi, gbogbo rẹ da lori kini awọn iṣe ti a ṣe ninu wọn:
Afikun ati/tabi iyokuro
a ⋅ (b - c + d) =a ⋅ b – a ⋅ c + a ⋅ d (b + c – d) ⋅ a =a ⋅ b + a ⋅ c – a ⋅ d
isodipupo
a ⋅ (b⋅ c ⋅ d) =a ⋅ b⋅ c ⋅ d (b ⋅ c ⋅ d) ⋅ a =b ⋅ с ⋅ d ⋅ a
pipin
a ⋅ (b : c) =(a ⋅ b): p =(a : c) ⋅ b (a : b) ⋅ c =(a ⋅ c): b =(c : b) ⋅ a
awọn apẹẹrẹ:
18 ⋅ (11 + 5 - 3) =18 ⋅ 11 + 18 ⋅ 5 – 18 ⋅ 3 4 ⋅ (9 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 27) =4⋅ 9⋅ 13⋅ 27 100 ⋅ (36:12) =(100 ⋅ 36): 12
jọba 4
Ti ami pipin ba wa ṣaaju tabi lẹhin awọn biraketi, lẹhinna, bi ninu ofin loke, gbogbo rẹ da lori kini awọn iṣe ti a ṣe ninu wọn:
Afikun ati/tabi iyokuro
Ni akọkọ, iṣe ni awọn akọmọ ni a ṣe, ie abajade ti apao tabi iyatọ ti awọn nọmba ni a rii, lẹhinna pipin ni a ṣe.
a: (b – c +d)
b – с + d = e
a: e = f
(b + c – d): a
b + с – d = e
e: a = f
isodipupo
a: (b⋅ c) =a: b:c =a: c: b (b ⋅ c): a =(b : a) ⋅ p =(pẹlu : a) ⋅ b
pipin
a: (b : c) =(a : b) ⋅ p =(c : b) ⋅ a (b: c): a =b: c: a =b: (a ⋅ c)
awọn apẹẹrẹ:
72 : (9-8) =72:1 160: (40 ⋅ 4) =160: 40:4 600: (300: 2) =(600:300) ⋅ 2